The commonly used methods are solvent extraction, ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction and enzyme extraction, while supercritical fluid extraction, microwave assisted extraction and other new extraction techniques are widely used.
solvent extraction method
Solvent extraction method is to use solvent to extract effective ingredients from solid raw materials, the solvent used must have the characteristics of mutual solubility with the extracted solute.
2.Ultrasonication Extraction
Ultrasonic extraction uses the strong vibration and cavitation effect produced by ultrasonic to accelerate the release and diffusion of substances in plant cells and dissolve them into the solvent, while keeping the structure and biological activity of extracted substances unchanged. The principle of ultrasonic extraction is mainly physical process, which is a new extraction method that has been paid more and more attention in recent years.
3.Supercritical fluid extraction
Supercritical fluid extraction is a new extraction and separation technology, generally using CO2 as the extraction agent.
4.Microwave assisted extraction method
Microwave-assisted extraction is a new technology that utilizes microwave energy to improve extraction efficiency. Microwave-assisted extraction is a method of selective extraction of target components from materials by using the characteristics of microwave heating. By adjusting the parameters of microwave, the target components can be heated effectively, which is conducive to the extraction and separation of target components.
5.Enzyme extraction
The cell wall of natural plants is made up of cellulose, and the active components of plants are often wrapped in the cell wall. Enzyme extraction method is the use of cellulase pectinase protease (mainly cellulase), destroy the plant cell wall, in order to promote the maximum dissolution of plant effective components of the separation of a method.